ARBITRARINESS AND COMPLEX SIGNS IBD

Sinopse

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,3, University of Leipzig (Institut für Anglistik), course: Motivation and Arbitrariness in the English Language, language: English, abstract: The following essay wants to draw attention to the relation between motivation and ar-bitrariness within complex linguistic signs. Modern linguistics tries to establish motivation within the language system and by this often seems to negotiate arbitrariness. Bolinger claimed in 1980: 'Arbitrary and conventional is a fitting description of distinctive sounds, less so of words, even less of sentences, and beyond that scarcely fits at all' (Fischer & Nänny, 1999, p. xxi). Dirven and Verspoor proclaim that 'most of the complex forms of lan-guage...are...not arbitrary, but transparent or motivated' (Dirven & Verspoor, p. 21).Motivation is used to construct convincing explanations for sometimes mystified phe-nomena in a language. Motivated by C.S. Peirce?s sign system, linguistic signs are recently moved from a box signed ?symbol? into a box signed ?icon?. Language by this is meant to be a more or less predictable act, which is based on translucent regularities and ordering princi-ples. Structural similarities are the basis of motivation, which examines and proclaims ordeing principles in all spheres of the language: phonology, morphology, lexicon and semantics Motivation even obstructs the syntax of a language.Three main ideas underlie the principle of motivation: (i) sequential ordering, (ii) quan-tity and (iii) proximity. Simplified, the ideas can be summarized as follows: (i) arrangement of linguistic elements according to temporal events, like he opened the door and came in or veni, vidi, vici, (ii) the amount of meaning is reflected in the amount of linguistic form , like I go - I went - I had gone or a car - a green car - a green convertible, (iii) conceptual distance is reflected in formal distance, like I mad